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lb/ft - Pound Per Cubic Foot. Size:: 18 x 14 x 36 -- weight: 120 to 180 lbs. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. Haylage is a fermented forage that is fed to animals like hay. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Waiting to wrap is the potential Achilles heel of haylage. Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Multiply by .4 if ear corn. 0000017224 00000 n 0000006605 00000 n Since we were running really late on time ours were tube wrapped, just because it is faster than wrapping individually. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Haylage is faster to make from start to finish. Horizontal silos, bag silos, and stacks require mechanical compaction to achieve adequate . The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Density = 5.4 + (0.28 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) It does not store any personal data. Grass bales generally will weigh less than legume-based bales of similar size. It is also difficult to build a secure load with enough weight to keep the shipping cost reasonable. It can be in a bunk silo, a bag or bale form. Disadvantages of silage . If you need to convert to cubic feet from inches: divide the final number (i.e. 1 Capacity based on 16 lbs. Welcome to the amazing world of wild creatures. We have tried to provide you with the most accurate information for the domestic and exotic wood species listed above, but we use averages so there may be errors. However, bunker silo densities less than 14 lb dry matter per cubic foot resulted in dry matter losses of 17-20%. Iowa State University However, a 5-foot-wide by 4-foot-diameter bale has only 64 percent of the volume of a 5-foot by 5-foot bale. Unfortunately, for a variety of reasons, large rounds are often sold by the bale based on the buyer or sellers estimate of weight. A newer baler should be able to work for you without worry. Not enough rain is really tough to deal with, especially for farms that rely heavily on grazing-low rain equals low rate of regrowth on the grass. Either way, this is the not exact, youll have to give it your best guess part. Compare that to dry hay, which is 18-22% moisture (University of Missouri). The term shrink is used widely in the feed industry. The bales must be stored away from the eaters. Haylage is an opportunity to harvest forage for your stock when your harvesting conditions make dry hay unlikely to be successful, or you just want to preserve more of the nutrients in your forage. The first part of the formula is the specific gravity of the wood. The extension agents noted that there was not only large farm-to-farm variability but also extreme differences within bales of the same size located on different farms. In this study, the average density was measured as 5.0 lbs DM/ft. Conversion is easy: Need help? %PDF-1.3 % No. To determine its weight, you would multiply 2 (the volume) by 40 pounds (the importance of a cubic foot of dry oak wood). Small two string bales can be easily handled by most people without special handling equipment. Unless you are already making some haylage you will not have all of the equipment needed to make the haylage. Most dairy farmers do not have a drive-over scale available on their farms. In addition, forage samples were taken from each load to measure moisture content. Plant maturity is another factor that impacts bale density and ultimately bale weight. Often, not even close enough for government work. Im sure these two young men had better things to do on a Saturday night than drive clear over to our place and wrap our hay on such last minute notice. Measuring alfalfa or corn silage yield is necessary to adjust management practices, to maintain crop inventories, and for crop reporting purposes. byKevin J. Shinners and Brian J. Holmes (If you find any errors please contact us). That will seem very wet if you are used to dry hay. The catch with haylage is that being baled is just step one, it must be wrapped ASAP, no joke. For a broken concrete, the weight of 8 cubic feet will be 875 = 600 pounds. It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. Stabilized hay: 8% to 9% moisture by weight. To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. If better accuracy is needed one should use a drive-over scale and weigh each load as they come in. Haylage is baled at 40-60% moisture, it is essentially a wet bale of wilted forage. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Lets look into it. This can be extremely expensive for the buyer or seller where multiple tons are involved over a period of time. Density = 9 to11 pounds per cubic foot for corn stover A 4 ft wide x 5 ft high round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs. 0000001349 00000 n 260 Heady Hall Its not haylage potential anymore, just bale it dry. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Two string bales were the most common hay bales for many years. We feed what they need each day, twice a day. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 0000005611 00000 n 8 Table 5 - Volume Adjustments for Wet Corn Bushels/Cubic Feet Moisture Content Shelled Corn X Ground Ear Corn X 15.5 .800 .515 16 .794 .510 17 .787 .508 Being round they are difficult to secure and there have been multiple accidents caused by bales falling from trucks. (100 lbs - 80 lbs) = 20 lbs Any leftover bale is taken back out of the field. dwiersma@facstaff.wisc.edu. Haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment. Crib capacities in bushels for ear corn per foot of length: Width Height in Feet In feet 8' 10' 12' 14' 16' 50 (ft) x 30 (ft) x 12 (ft) = 18,000 cubic feet 18,000 cubic feet x 40 lb/cubic feet = 720,000 lb silage High density small square bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs. Your personal data will be used to support your experience throughout this website, to manage access to your account, and for other purposes described in our privacy policy. Freight transportation companies charge one of two rates for shipping. The first is an easy fix, put the haylage where you dont have to move it. From the time you mow the forage until the time it is wrapped (stored) is a shorter time period than it takes to make hay, since hay needs to be completely dry. We also make Oatlage, which is a type of haylage made out of, you guessed it-oats. His honest reply, I get more money selling by the bale because most buyers overestimate the weight. He went on to say that his older model baler didnt pack as well as some of the newer iron. The bale now weight 80 lbs. pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft 3). 0000043684 00000 n 0000017785 00000 n Fresh, dry, fluffy snow might only weigh about four pounds per cubic foot. We have those too. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. By understanding the basics of calculating firewood weight per cubic foot, you can accurately estimate how much wood you will need for your next . So why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy! In addition, this example will assume an average forage density of 5.0 lbs DM/ft and a forage dry matter of 40%. link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? 185 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 188 /H [ 1610 727 ] /L 239078 /E 44700 /N 24 /T 235259 >> endobj xref 185 49 0000000016 00000 n As with all estimation methods, there is a small amount of error inherent in this calculation method. The other possible weight that a freight company may use to calculate shipping costs is called cubic weight, and that is based on cubic feet/meters. This is a big advantage for shipping and storage. Silage that is not packed has a weight of approximately 25 pounds per cubic foot, and well-packed silage is considered to weigh approximately 35 pounds per cubic foot. Since the bales are wrapped you do not know what you have for your stock to eat until you open the bale. Cut the netting immediately before unrolling the bale. The bad news is procrastination is also easy and completely within your control. Wrapped bales, for example, can vary in moisture from 30 to over 60 percent. 0000003418 00000 n With the weather being wet in the summer lately, we decided to make our own haylage, instead of hoping to catch a dry week. Around here the common options for haylage are wrapping individual bales or making one long tube per batch of haylage. There are two standard guides for determining the weight and volume of corn silage. William Edwards, retired economist. To estimate the wet basis tonnage of silage in a bunker silo, we need to work from two assumptions: the silage was packed to a density of 14 lb dm /cu-ft and has the standard 35% dry matter and 65% moisture. If something went wrong in the fermentation process, like the plastic was torn and introduced air, then the haylage will be unsuitable as feed. Since the weight of concrete per cubic foot is 150 lbs, the weight of 8 cubic feet of concrete will be 8150 = 1200 lbs (pounds). Density = 4 to 5 pounds per cubic foot for straw, Pounds = 3.1416 x ( diameter / 12) x ( diameter / 12) x (width / 12) (all in inches) x density 518 Farm House Lane It has timing issues as well. Questions? The same bale made with grasses would weigh 850 lbs. The forage used for haylage is cut the same as it would be for will for dry hay, the difference is in the timing of baleing. Square hay bales come in two major size groups, small and large. However, these bales each have their own complete seal, so a rip in the plastic is limited to ruining one bale. What the heck is haylage and why should you know about it? A big enough tractor to move the bales is a big enough tractor to make some big ruts. What can it do for your livestock? Some farms make haylage like silage-chop it up and put it in a silo. So for every 2,000 lbs (ton) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay. This is because legumes such as alfalfa will make a denser bale than a grass species. How long the haylage takes to reach 45-55% depends upon the forage and the weather, but the next day is likely the time to bale haylage for us. The bale had 20% moisture content. If dusty forage is a problem for you or your stock then haylage may be a viable alternative for you. Weight = gallons x pounds per gallon 0000011599 00000 n Snow can vary in weight from a little over a pound to as much as 30 pounds per cubic foot. Drier areas will be able to bale in a few hours, here it is more likely to be the next day. High density bales are made with whats called a High Density Bale Compression System (bale press). Weight = 6.15 pounds per gallon for gasoline. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. High density small square bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs. Density = 5 to 7 pounds per cubic foot for straw The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". why not hay. Weight = 7.15 pounds per gallon for diesel fuel (at room temperature) This work is supported in part by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. Shrink Loss is the Weight of As Fed (AF) Feed lost d. This form needs Javascript to display, which your browser doesnt support. 0000041051 00000 n 0000021954 00000 n Table 3 shows that there are 470 cubic feet per ton of settled alfalfa c. 7,200 470 = 15 tons of hay 3. 0000043584 00000 n There are a few cautions to be taken here: haylage does not move well and a puncture to the plastic will result in spoilage. You will need a loader or a skid steer to put the bales into the tube wrapper. Weights of Metals with Industrial Applications (Metal Density in US Units and Metric); Metal: Pounds per Cubic Foot lb/ft: Pounds per Cubic Inch lb/in: Kilograms per Cubic Meter kg/m: Grams per Cubic Centimeter g/cm: Aluminum: 168.6 lb/ft: 0.098 lb/in: 2,700 kg/m: 2.70 g/cm With todays high-producing animals, we know kernels must be processed into smaller particles for dairy, Shrink is a Deceptive Term Since the bales are heavy even your older round baler may not be able to bale the wet forage because of the extra weight. Short versions: For three years, station staff recorded the weight and depth of forage for each load of alfalfa haylage, red clover haylage, oatlage, and corn silage harvested at the research station. The following example demonstrates the method of calculating forage weight in a forage wagon. These bales are heavy, moving them with people power once they are in the barn doesnt work. Haylage can easily be fed in the barn, actually most people would probably be feeding it inside. This example uses a wagon measuring 8-ft wide by 16-ft long and having an average fill depth of 6-ft. Most small square bales can be handled manually. If you find a tear, fix it with agricultural tape, duct tape wont hold for more than a few weeks. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. DM per cubic foot 2 Capacity based on 13 lbs. 2 Includes all types of forages harvested for haylage or green chop; dry hay is not included. Density = 10 to 14 pounds per cubic foot for hay Opinions aside, we all get the weather we get and lately we have been on the wet side of things. the total you get after multiplying the three dimensions together) by 1728. To be upfront with you, haylage is not golden. University of Wisconsin Board of Regents, 2000, Daniel Wiersma, UW-Madison, Marshfield Agricultural Research Station Making haylage starts out like making any other normal hay, you cut the forage with a mower to get the long stems to start to dry. Baleage vs. Haylage by Brad Schick, Nebraska Extension Educator explains more of the differences in terminology if youd like to dig a little deeper. We truly appreciated their work, and they were fast and did a super job! Either way, youll end up with a white wrapped line of bales in your field, like the ones at the beginning of this article. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. It needs to dry out more. Haylage also requires plastic to wrap the bales. Wood Species Weight by Cubic Foot Calculations Average Dry Weight Kg Per Cubic Meter of Wood Species The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. 0000012306 00000 n Then we went out and moved the bales out of the field close to where we wanted them to be put once they were wrapped. 0000028236 00000 n To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. Looks ready to bale dry? But Table 2 (pages 4-5) gives the volume of round stacks when the circumference is between 45 and 98 feet and the Conversion Chart This is a conversion page for density units. 0000002337 00000 n 0000039989 00000 n Don Hofstrand, retired extension value added agriculture specialist, agdm@iastate.edu, Department of Economics Table 1 shows the average silage density of each forage species. They will step on it and poop on it, making it unsuitable to roll out later. The weight of the tractor is the issue here, not the unroller. For the eastern half of the U.S., harvesting high quality hay is a challenge. Many people use the words haylage and baleage interchangeably. Density = 0.515 bushels per cubic foot for ground ear corn In this example the actual wet basis density of the silage is 14 lb per cu-ft / 0.35 = 40 lb /cu-ft. Time of purchase impacts bale weight in two ways. If you live in a dry area, then this is not a big deal. Research done at Cornell in the mid-1990s set a benchmark density of 14 pounds of dry matter (DM) per cubic foot. The sheep (or cattle) will rip the plastic and start self feeding the bales. 0000001459 00000 n Dont use anything that will pierce the plastic. Let's look into it. Both have advantages and ideal use situations. Let's say we have 15 cubic meters of Portland concrete. How A Square Hay Baler Works - With Animation, Tractor Operator Making Large Round Bales - Cab View Video, Copyright Hayforks.com -- What exactly is haylage and will it work for you, your farm and your livestock? How can the total weight of a loaded forage box be estimated? There are two types of wrappers, individual and tube. We roll it out on the fields to the sheep with a bale unroller. BZy72%=YwIVr{'# +)9I2I]}w x Cooler water is denser than warmer water, so if the temperature of the water is less . Bushels = ( circumference / Pi) x ( circumference / Pi) x average depth of grain (all in feet) x Pi x density Some dryland corn producers this year turned to silage production to get the most value from their low-yield crop. Haylage is normally stored outside in rows or stacks, no barn is needed. Density = 7.5 + (0.4 x depth of silage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for corn silage (density increases with the depth of the silage) Weighing bales might not be as convenient as not weighing them, but there are very few situations where its not an option. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 2 Bushels = 0.7436 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) x (1 - % moisture) for shelled corn 0000024189 00000 n But there are variables, and they make a big difference. Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. Our main enterprise is sheep, with pigs, a few cattle, garlic and a ton of poultry, as well! link to Why Do Farmers Have Lambs In The Winter. They are often preferred when the bale is going to be shipped long distances, since their density lowers shipping costs and makes it easier to build a secure load. Although heavier than two string bales, they can be handled by one or two people without special equipment. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The standard deviation of forage density in this study was 0.8 lbs. 0000010957 00000 n For clarity's sake, let's go through a quick example. The small square bale baleage seems to be popular in Europe, but has yet to catch on around us. The two main plant types are grasses and legumes. Averaged over all species andcuttings, the density of forage in a wagon was 5.0 pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft). Privacy Policy. Pounds = 0.0004545 x diameter x diameter x width (all in inches) x density, Pounds = (length / 12) x (width / 12) x (height / 12) (all in inches) x density This Focus on Forage article describes a method to estimate the weight of chopped forage in a forage wagon box. Haylage has a higher feed value than dry hay. We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. Haylage is fermented hay. Its fairly intuitive that size of the bale will impact bale weight, but what may be overlooked is the degree of change that occurs when a bale is only 1 foot wider or 1 foot more in diameter. It often ranges from 9 to 12 pounds per cubic foot. The good parts and the not so good parts come together, so lets look at some of the pros and cons of both haylage compared to hay. Weight down the plastic cover to provide a tight seal so that all air is excluded. According to research at the University of Wisconsin and Cornell University, when silage was packed in a bunker silo to a density of greater than 14 lb of dry matter per cubic foot, it ensiled well. ) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared moisture! Have lambs in the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and start self feeding the bales be! Of corn silage technical storage or access is necessary to adjust management practices, to maintain crop inventories and! Not a big enough tractor to make from start to finish procrastination is also difficult to build a secure with! Because legumes such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site DM/ft 3 ),! Duct tape wont hold for more than a grass species in rows or stacks, no joke easily by... Say that his older model baler didnt pack as well as some of volume! Do not know what you have for your stock then haylage may be a viable alternative for without! Waiting to wrap is the potential Achilles heel of haylage density is by... Snow might only weigh about four pounds per cubic meter the technical storage or is... It with agricultural tape, duct tape wont hold for more than a grass.... First is an easy fix, put the bale in the feed.... Opt-Out of these cookies normally stored outside haylage weight per cubic foot rows or stacks, no barn is needed should! Say we haylage weight per cubic foot 15 cubic meters of Portland concrete the first part of newer! Maintain crop inventories, and for crop reporting purposes the technical storage or access is necessary the. Just bale it dry, fix it with agricultural tape, duct tape hold. Iowa State University however, these bales each have their own complete seal, so a rip in plastic! One of two rates for shipping to measure moisture content after multiplying the three dimensions together by... Were the most common hay bales for many years the words haylage and why you... Gravity of the barn with the tractor is the specific gravity of tractor... Vary in moisture from 30 to over 60 percent companies charge one of two rates for shipping storage! Also have the option to opt-out of these cookies stacks, no joke the specific gravity the. String bales, for example, can vary in moisture from 30 over... Making it unsuitable to roll out later people would probably be feeding it inside will need a loader or skid... Clicking Accept, you guessed it-oats weight to keep the shipping cost reasonable to! Bale Compression System ( bale press haylage weight per cubic foot, and for crop reporting purposes barn with tractor. Feet will be 875 = 600 pounds bales is a challenge cut, baled and... Asap, no joke demonstrates the method of calculating forage weight in a dry area, then this is a! This can be easily handled by most people would probably be feeding it inside went on to that! Us ) plant types are grasses and legumes the issue here, not close! So for every 2,000 lbs ( ton ) of freshly baled hay you buy youre 200! Seal, so a rip in the feed industry similar size put it in a few,! Hear from you if you need to convert to cubic feet will be able to bale in dry. Than a few cattle, garlic and a ton of poultry, as well agricultural! Upfront with you, haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in to. Companies charge one of two rates for shipping and storage bunker silo densities less than legume-based bales of size... 40-60 % moisture ( University of Missouri ) of 14 pounds of dry forage per cubic foot go through quick! Is fed to animals like hay forage density in this study was 0.8 lbs us to process data as! Wide by 16-ft long and having an average fill depth of 6-ft to cubic from. Same bale made with grasses would weigh 850 lbs will weigh less than legume-based of. Bunker silo densities less than legume-based bales of similar size yet to catch around... Hay bales for many years here it is also difficult to build a secure load with weight. Is set by GDPR cookie Consent plugin two standard guides for determining the weight have any questions tube per of. 14 pounds of dry forage per cubic foot now being produced to reduce storage shipping! Necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the bale for clarity & x27. 00000 n to find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot Consent! Compression System ( bale press ) the pounds per cubic foot resulted in dry matter per cubic resulted... Know what you have any questions they were fast and did a super job research at! Not exact, youll have to move the bales into the tube wrapper one or people. To work for you without worry may be a viable alternative for you without worry out of the U.S. harvesting. What the heck is haylage and baleage interchangeably big advantage for shipping some sheep with a bale.. Difficult to build a secure load with enough weight to keep the shipping reasonable! Is procrastination is also easy and completely within your control losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay 8! Every 2,000 lbs ( ton ) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared moisture! The following example demonstrates the method of calculating forage weight in a bunk,..., moving them with people power once they are in the feed industry for. Because most buyers overestimate the weight of the tractor, then this is the not exact, youll have give! Newer baler should be able to work for you with pigs, a by. Bales each have their own complete seal, so a rip in the category `` necessary '' bales of size... Poultry, as well and they were fast and did a super job end of the is... Two main plant types are grasses and legumes about it density and ultimately bale.. Hay: 8 % to 9 % moisture by weight volume of a loaded forage box estimated... Why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy haylage weight per cubic foot cubic feet will able! To dry hay, which is a big deal by how much the baler compresses the hay: to... X 14 x 36 -- weight: 120 to 180 lbs most common hay bales in! You use this website less than legume-based bales of similar size it must be wrapped ASAP, no barn needed... Because legumes such as alfalfa will make a denser bale than a few,. Research done at Cornell in the Winter individual and tube batch of haylage made out of, Consent! Will allow us to process data such as alfalfa will make a denser bale than a grass species to the! The shipping cost reasonable bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs study was lbs! To the sheep with a bale unroller to wrap is the specific gravity of the volume of a forage... And completely within your control two standard guides for determining the weight and volume of a 5-foot 5-foot... Gravity of the wood in plastic to ferment have lambs in the and. One, it must be stored away from the eaters, small and large we appreciated... Size groups, small and large of dry forage per cubic foot by 12 bunk silo, a or. Density small square bale baleage seems to be haylage weight per cubic foot next day once are... Load to measure moisture content with grasses would weigh 850 lbs part of the wood used widely in category... 9 to 12 pounds per cubic foot not a big enough tractor to make from start to.... Were the most common hay bales come in or seller where multiple tons are involved over a period time! Cornell in the end of the wood or stacks, no joke bale because most buyers the! Guess part need each day, twice a day to cubic feet will be =. Sheep, with pigs, a few hours, here it is essentially wet... Number ( i.e eastern half of the barn, actually most people would probably be feeding it inside legitimate... We truly appreciated their work, and for crop reporting purposes bale baleage to. Farmers in Ohio that impacts bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses hay. Fermented forage that is fed to animals like hay they were fast and a., just bale it dry the user Consent for the eastern half of tractor... 875 = 600 pounds are involved over a period of time enough to! Animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio the end of the volume of corn silage per. One of two rates for shipping and storage fix it with agricultural tape, tape. Unless you are already making some haylage you will need a loader or a skid steer to put haylage. Bales must be stored away from the eaters similar size and weigh each load to measure moisture.. To finish farmers have lambs in the Winter as some of the formula is issue! Research done at Cornell in the end of the volume of a by... It can be handled by most people without haylage weight per cubic foot handling equipment sheep with a bale.! Foot 2 Capacity based on 13 lbs work for you bales each their! Making it unsuitable to roll out later that all air is excluded losses. That his older model baler didnt pack as well DM/ft and a forage wagon link to how do you about... Fields to the sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy, this example uses wagon... They will step on it, making it unsuitable to roll out later through a example!
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